PBI and INNOVATION

Goodbye Nobel 2025

Goodbye Nobel 2025

'Sustained Economic Growth through INNOVATION'

Written by: HUGO AQUINO from Peru.

WINNERS

At 4 a.m. in Lima, the 3 winners of the 2025 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences were announced.

Brown University with Peter Howiett. Southwestern University with Joel Mokyr. Phillippe Aghion with LSE and Insead of Paris, were the academic venues that shone on Monday, October 13, 79 days before the end of 2025.

Source: Swedish Academy of Sciences.

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'Sustained Economic Growth through INNOVATION'

Written by: HUGO AQUINO from Peru. 

WINNERS 2025

At 4 a.m. in Lima, the 3 winners of the 2025 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences were announced. 

Brown University with Peter Howiett. Southwestern University with Joel Mokyr. 

Phillippe Aghion with London School of Económico, LSE and Insead of Paris, were the academic venues that shone on Monday, October 13, 79 days before the end of 2025.

Source: Swedish Academy of Sciences. 

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PERU TODAY

PERU, RISE UP

Write from LIMA: 

Hugo Aquino (*)

PERUVIANS ARE MOVING FORWARD. 

LIMA PEOPLE NEVER GIVE UP. 

GENERATION Z NEVER BACKS DOWN

September, the month of YOUTH, witnessed the power of protest of the new generation of PERUVIANS. Peru lost 15 years of annual growth above 6%. 

In a decade and a five-year period, the Peruvian economy moved away from the ranking of countries with success indicators to enter the OECD, the club of the most developed countries in the world, through the front door. PERUVIAN REFORM.

The year 2025 is over. 

The current government only has time to carry out an orderly transfer. The transition of government has three months to put PIZARRO's house in order.

The structural reform of the economy is a task for the government, which will be installed on July 28 after four months of partisan bickering typical of a first and second round of elections. 

PERUVIANS AT YOUR SERVICE.

All Peruvians have the obligation to SERVE the COUNTRY just once.

The PUBLIC or STATE sector must be a stage to strengthen the Public Treasury and not to liquidate the Treasury.

JULIO VELARDE EXAMPLE OF A STATE SERVANT.

Ministries, institutes, hospitals, municipalities, state-owned companies such as SEDAPAL or BANCO DE LA NACIÓN, and regional governments must be managed by public servants who shine by merit and not by "handpicked" elections without a global competition.

The NEW GENERATION of Peruvians says YES TO MERITOCRACY.

Out with the corrupt TODAY and TOMORROW!

(*) Economic Analyst Hugo Aquino is the director responsible for 'SaludPERU' and editor-in-chief of 'LimaFLASH'.

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PERÚ en NÚMEROS

PRINCIPALES INDICADORES ECONÓMICOS

Septiembre 2025 versus Diciembre 2024
(% anual)

Indicador Económico	Set. 2025	Diciembre 2024	Variación (puntos porcentuales)
**Crecimiento Económico (∆ % anual PBI)**	3,40%	3,30%	0,10
**Crecimiento Económico Potencial del Perú (% anual PBI)**	3,50%	3,70%	-0,20
**Inflación (% anual IPC Lima)**	1,11%	1,97%	-0,86
**Reservas Internacionales Netas (RIN millones de dólares)**	87095	78987	8108
**Desempleo Abierto (% anual)**	5,60%	6,00%	-0,40
**Tipo de Cambio (Soles por US$)**	3,4980	3,7610	-0,7370
**Base Monetaria Emisión Primaria (% anual)**	7,10%	9,20%	-2,10
**Rentabilidad Bolsa de Valores de Lima (Yield %)**	31,45%	12,56%	19,89
**Déficit Fiscal (% PBI)**	2,60%	3,50%	-0,90
**Riesgo País Perú (Puntos básicos, pbs)**	128	157	-29

PERU DATA 2025

PRINCIPALES INDICADORES ECONÓMICOS

Septiembre 2025 versus Diciembre 2024
(% anual)

Indicador Económico	SET. 2025	Diciembre 2024	Variación (puntos porcentuales)
**Crecimiento Económico (∆ % anual PBI)**	3,40%	3,30%	0,10
**Crecimiento Económico Potencial del Perú (% anual PBI)**	3,50%	3,70%	-0,20
**Inflación (% anual IPC Lima)**	1,11%	1,97%	-0,86
**Reservas Internacionales Netas (RIN millones de dólares)**	87095	78987	8108
**Desempleo Abierto (% anual)**	5,60%	6,00%	-0,40
**Tipo de Cambio (Soles por US$)**	3,4980	3,7610	-0,2630
**Base Monetaria Emisión Primaria (% anual)**	7,10%	9,20%	-2,10
**Rentabilidad Bolsa de Valores de Lima (Yield %)**	31,45%	12,56%	18,89
**Déficit Fiscal (% PBI)**	2,60%	3,50%	-0,90
**Riesgo País Perú (Puntos básicos, pbs)**	128	157	-29